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The phrase "information and communication technologies" has been used by academic researchers since the 1980s, [6]  and the abbr...

The phrase "information and communication technologies" has been used by academic researchers since the 1980s,^[6] and the abbreviation ICT became popular after it was used in a report to the UK government by Dennis Stevenson in 1997,^[7] and in the revised National Curriculum for England, Wales and Northern Ireland in 2000. But in 2012, the Royal Societyrecommended that ICT should no longer be used in British schools "as it has attracted too many negative connotations",^[8]and with effect from 2014 the National Curriculum uses the word computing, which reflects the addition of computer programming into the curriculum.^[9]